Электродинамический преобразователь энергии с тиристорной схемой питания
p align="left"> LOCATE 7, 1: PRINT "Ua="; Ua, " " END IF PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - I * .5) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Uc * .1), 3 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - V * 100), 4 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - X * 100000), 5 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - a / 3), 2 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Ua * .1), 6 LET t = t + h IF t > t1 + t2 THEN GOTO 12 GOTO 5 12 LET Uc = -Uc: LET tkontr = t: 121 LET Uc3 = Uc LET i3 = I LET x3 = X LET V3 = V 13 LET k1i = E / La - (R / La) * i3 - (Uc / La) - (Bo * Pi * D * w / La) * V LET i3 = I + h * .5 * k1i LET k2i = E / La - (R / La) * i3 - (Uc / La) - (Bo * Pi * D * w / La) * V LET i3 = I + k2i * h * .5 LET k3i = E / La - (R / La) * i3 - (Uc / La) - (Bo * Pi * D * w / La) * V LET i3 = I + k3i * h LET k4i = E / La - (R / La) * i3 - (Uc / La) - (Bo * Pi * D * w / La) * V LET di = h * (2 * k2i + k1i + 2 * k3i + k4i) / 6 14 LET k1Uc = I / C LET Uc3 = Uc + h * .5 * k1Uc LET k2Uc = I / C LET Uc3 = Uc + h * .5 * k2Uc LET k3Uc = I / C LET Uc3 = Uc + h * k3Uc LET k4Uc = I / C LET dUc = h * (2 * k2Uc + k1Uc + 2 * k3Uc + k4Uc) / 6 15 LET k1x = V LET x3 = X + k1x * h * .5 LET k2x = V LET x3 = X + k2x * h * .5 LET k3x = V LET x3 = X + k3x * h * .5 LET k4x = V LET dx = (k1x + 2 * k2x + 2 * k3x + k4x) * h / 6 16 LET k1V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V3 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V3 = V + k1V * h * .5 LET k2V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V3 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V3 = V + k2V * h * .5 LET k3V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V3 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V3 = V + k3V * h LET k4V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V3 - (ksi / m1) * X LET dv = h * (2 * k2V + k1V + 2 * k3V + k4V) / 6 17 LET I = I + di LET Uc = Uc + dUc LET X = X + dx LET V = V + dv LET integral2 = integral2 + ABS(I) * h LET integral = integral + h * (ABS(I)) ^ 2 LET a = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I - nu * V - ksi * X) / m1 LET Ua = La * di / h + Bo * Pi * D * w * V + I * Ra LET tall = tall + h IF Uc > 0 AND xc = 0 THEN LOCATE 8, 45 LET tvost = (t - tkontr) * 10 ^ 6 PRINT "tvost(¬Є`)="; (t - tkontr) * 10 ^ 6 LET xc = 1 END IF IF q = 1 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "t="; tall * 1000, " " LOCATE 2, 1: PRINT "I="; I, " " LOCATE 3, 1: PRINT "Uc="; Uc, " " LOCATE 4, 1: PRINT "X="; X * 1000, " " LOCATE 5, 1: PRINT "V="; V * 1000, " " LOCATE 6, 1: PRINT "a="; a, " " LOCATE 7, 1: PRINT "Ua="; Ua, " " END IF PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - I * .5) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 + Uc * .1), 3 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - V * 100), 4 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - X * 100000), 5 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - a / 3), 2 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Ua * .1), 6 LET t = t + h IF I < 0 THEN LET ti = t: GOTO 19 18 GOTO 121 19 LET x31 = X LET V31 = V 191LET k1V = (nu / m1) * V31 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V31 = V + k1V * h * .5 LET k2V = (nu / m1) * V31 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V31 = V + k2V * h * .5 LET k3V = (nu / m1) * V31 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V31 = V + k3V * h LET k4V = (nu / m1) * V31 - (ksi / m1) * X LET dv = h * (2 * k2V + k1V + 2 * k3V + k4V) / 6 192LET k1x = V LET x31 = X + k1x * h * .5 LET k2x = V LET x31 = X + k2x * h * .5 LET k3x = V LET x31 = X + k3x * h LET k4x = V LET dx = (k1x + 2 * k2x + 2 * k3x + k4x) * h / 6 193LET X = X + dx LET V = V + dv LET a = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I - nu * V - ksi * X) / m1 LET Ua = Bo * Pi * D * w * V + I * Ra LET tall = tall + h IF q = 1 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "t="; tall * 1000, " " LOCATE 2, 1: PRINT "I="; I, " " LOCATE 3, 1: PRINT "Uc="; Uc, " " LOCATE 4, 1: PRINT "X="; X * 1000, " " LOCATE 5, 1: PRINT "V="; V * 1000, " " LOCATE 6, 1: PRINT "a="; a, " " LOCATE 7, 1: PRINT "Ua="; Ua, " " END IF PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - I * .5) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 + Uc * .1), 3 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - V * 100), 4 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - X * 100000), 5 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - a / 3), 2 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Ua * .1), 6 LET t = t + h IF t > (ti + t56) THEN GOTO 20 GOTO 19 20 LET i4 = I LET Uc4 = Uc LET x4 = X LET V4 = V 21 LET k1i = -E / La - (R / La) * i4 - Uc / La - (Bo * Pi * D * w) * V / La LET i4 = I + h * .5 * k1i LET k2i = -E / La - (R / La) * i4 - Uc / La - (Bo * Pi * D * w) * V / La LET i4 = I + k2i * h * .5 LET k3i = -E / La - (R / La) * i4 - Uc / La - (Bo * Pi * D * w) * V / La LET i4 = I + k3i * h LET k4i = -E / La - (R / La) * i4 - Uc / La - (Bo * Pi * D * w) * V / La LET di = h * (2 * k2i + k1i + 2 * k3i + k4i) / 6 22 LET k1Uc = I / C LET Uc4 = Uc + h * .5 * k1Uc LET k2Uc = I / C LET Uc4 = Uc + h * .5 * k2Uc LET k3Uc = I / C LET Uc4 = Uc + h * k3Uc LET k4Uc = I / C LET dUc = h * (2 * k2Uc + k1Uc + 2 * k3Uc + k4Uc) / 6 23 LET k1x = V LET x4 = X + k1x * h * .5 LET k2x = V LET x4 = X + k2x * h * .5 LET k3x = V LET x4 = X + k3x * h LET k4x = V LET dx = (k1x + 2 * k2x + 2 * k3x + k4x) * h / 6 24 LET k1V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V1 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V4 = V + k1V * h * .5 LET k2V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V1 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V4 = V + k2V * h * .5 LET k3V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V1 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V4 = V + k3V * h LET k4V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V1 - (ksi / m1) * X LET dv = h * (2 * k2V + k1V + 2 * k3V + k4V) / 6 25 LET I = I + di LET Uc = Uc + dUc LET X = X + dx LET V = V + dv LET integral2 = integral2 + ABS(I) * h LET integral = integral + h * (ABS(I)) ^ 2 LET a = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I - nu * V - ksi * X) / m1 LET Ua = La * di / h + Bo * Pi * D * w * V + I * Ra LET tall = tall + h 26 IF q = 1 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "t="; tall * 1000, " " LOCATE 2, 1: PRINT "I="; I, " " LOCATE 3, 1: PRINT "Uб="; Uc, " " LOCATE 4, 1: PRINT "X="; X * 1000, " " LOCATE 5, 1: PRINT "V="; V * 1000, " " LOCATE 6, 1: PRINT "a="; a, " " LOCATE 7, 1: PRINT "Ua="; Ua, " " END IF PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - I * .5) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 + Uc * .1), 3 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - V * 100), 4 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - X * 100000), 5 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - a / 3), 2 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Ua * .1), 6 LET t = t + h IF t > ti + t1 + t56 THEN GOTO 27 GOTO 20 27i5 = I V5 = V x5 = X 28LET k1i = -E / La - (R / La) * i5 - (Bo * Pi * D * w * V / La) LET i5 = I + h * .5 * k1i LET k2i = -E / La - (R / La) * i5 - (Bo * Pi * D * w * V / La) LET i5 = I + k2i * h * .5 LET k3i = -E / La - (R / La) * i5 - (Bo * Pi * D * w * V / La) LET i5 = I + k3i * h LET k4i = -E / La - (R / La) * i5 - (Bo * Pi * D * w * V / La) LET di = h * (2 * k2i + k1i + 2 * k3i + k4i) / 6 29 LET k1x = V LET x5 = X + k1x * h * .5 LET k2x = V LET x5 = X + k2x * h * .5 LET k3x = V LET x5 = X + k3x * h LET k4x = V LET dx = (k1x + 2 * k2x + 2 * k3x + k4x) * h / 6 30 LET k1V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V5 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V5 = V + k1V * h * .5 LET k2V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V5 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V5 = V + k2V * h * .5 LET k3V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V5 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V5 = V + k3V * h LET k4V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V5 - (ksi / m1) * X LET dv = h * (2 * k2V + k1V + 2 * k3V + k4V) / 6 31 LET I = I + di LET X = X + dx LET V = V + dv LET integral2 = integral2 + ABS(I) * h LET integral = integral + h * (ABS(I)) ^ 2 LET a = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I - nu * V - ksi * X) / m1 LET Ua = La * di / h + Bo * Pi * D * w * V + I * Ra LET tall = tall + h 32 IF q = 1 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "t="; tall * 1000, " " LOCATE 2, 1: PRINT "I="; I, " " LOCATE 3, 1: PRINT "Uc="; Uc, " " LOCATE 4, 1: PRINT "X="; X * 1000, " " LOCATE 5, 1: PRINT "V="; V * 1000, " " LOCATE 6, 1: PRINT "a="; a, " " LOCATE 7, 1: PRINT "Ua="; Ua, " " END IF PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - I * .5) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 + Uc * .1), 3 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - V * 100), 4 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - X * 100000), 5 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - a / 3), 2 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Ua * .1), 6 LET t = t + h IF t > (ti + t1 + t2 + t56) THEN GOTO 33 GOTO 27 33 LET Uc = -Uc 331 LET Uc6 = Uc LET i6 = I LET x6 = X LET V6 = V 34 LET k1i = E / La - (R / La) * i6 - (Uc / La) - (Bo * Pi * D * w / La) * V LET i6 = I + h * .5 * k1i LET k2i = E / La - (R / La) * i6 - (Uc / La) - (Bo * Pi * D * w / La) * V LET i6 = I + k2i * h * .5 LET k3i = E / La - (R / La) * i6 - (Uc / La) - (Bo * Pi * D * w / La) * V LET i6 = I + k3i * h LET k4i = E / La - (R / La) * i6 - (Uc / La) - (Bo * Pi * D * w / La) * V LET di = h * (2 * k2i + k1i + 2 * k3i + k4i) / 6 35 LET k1Uc = I / C LET Uc6 = Uc + h * .5 * k1Uc LET k2Uc = I / C LET Uc6 = Uc + h * .5 * k2Uc LET k3Uc = I / C LET Uc6 = Uc + h * k3Uc LET k4Uc = I / C LET dUc = h * (2 * k2Uc + k1Uc + 2 * k3Uc + k4Uc) / 6 36 LET k1x = V LET x6 = X + k1x * h * .5 LET k2x = V LET x6 = X + k2x * h * .5 LET k3x = V LET x6 = X + k3x * h LET k4x = V LET dx = (k1x + 2 * k2x + 2 * k3x + k4x) * h / 6 37 LET k1V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V6 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V6 = V + k1V * h * .5 LET k2V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V6 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V6 = V + k2V * h * .5 LET k3V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V6 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V6 = V + k3V * h LET k4V = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I) / m1 - (nu / m1) * V6 - (ksi / m1) * X LET dv = h * (2 * k2V + k1V + 2 * k3V + k4V) / 6 38 LET I = I + di LET Uc = Uc + dUc LET X = X + dx LET V = V + dv LET integral2 = integral2 + ABS(I) * h LET integral = integral + h * (ABS(I)) ^ 2 LET a = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I - nu * V - ksi * X) / m1 LET Ua = La * di / h + Bo * Pi * D * w * V + I * Ra LET tall = tall + h 39 IF q = 1 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "t="; tall * 1000, " " LOCATE 2, 1: PRINT "I="; I, " " LOCATE 3, 1: PRINT "Uc="; Uc, " " LOCATE 4, 1: PRINT "X="; X * 1000, " " LOCATE 5, 1: PRINT "V="; V * 1000, " " LOCATE 6, 1: PRINT "a="; a, " " LOCATE 7, 1: PRINT "Ua="; Ua, " " END IF PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - I * .5) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Uc * .1), 3 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - V * 100), 4 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - X * 100000), 5 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - a / 3), 2 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Ua * .1), 6 LET t = t + h IF I > 0 THEN LET ti2 = t: GOTO 41 GOTO 331 41 LET x61 = X LET V61 = V LET tall = tall + h 42 LET k1V = (nu / m1) * V61 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V61 = V + k1V * h * .5 LET k2V = (nu / m1) * V61 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V61 = V + k2V * h * .5 LET k3V = (nu / m1) * V61 - (ksi / m1) * X LET V61 = V + k3V * h LET k4V = (nu / m1) * V61 - (ksi / m1) * X LET dv = h * (2 * k2V + k1V + 2 * k3V + k4V) / 6 43 LET k1x = V LET x61 = X + k1x * h * .5 LET k2x = V LET x61 = X + k2x * h * .5 LET k3x = V LET x61 = X + k3x * h LET k4x = V LET dx = (k1x + 2 * k2x + 2 * k3x + k4x) * h / 6 44 LET X = X + dx LET V = V + dv LET a = (Bo * Pi * D * w * I - nu * V - ksi * X) / m1 LET Ua = Bo * Pi * D * w * V + I * Ra LET tall = tall + h IF q = 1 THEN LOCATE 1, 1: PRINT "t="; tall * 1000, " " LOCATE 2, 1: PRINT "I="; I, " " LOCATE 3, 1: PRINT "Uc="; Uc, " " LOCATE 4, 1: PRINT "X="; X * 1000, " " LOCATE 5, 1: PRINT "V="; V * 1000, " " LOCATE 6, 1: PRINT "a="; a, " " LOCATE 7, 1: PRINT "Ua="; Ua, " " END IF PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - I * .5) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Uc * .1), 3 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250) PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - V * 100), 4 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - X * 100000), 5 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - a / 3), 2 PSET (t * 20000 * .01 / t2, 250 - Ua * .1), 6 LET t = t + h IF t > (ti2 + t56) THEN GOTO 45 GOTO 41 45 LET Id = SQR(integral / t) LET Isr = integral2 / t LET integral = 0 LET integral2 = 0 LET tcycle = t t = 0 CLS LOCATE 1, 45: PRINT "время t(мс)" LOCATE 2, 45: PRINT "белая линия I(А)" LOCATE 3, 45: PRINT "синяя линия Uc(В)" LOCATE 4, 45: PRINT "фиолетовая линия X(мм)" LOCATE 5, 45: PRINT "красная линия V(мм/с)" LOCATE 6, 45: PRINT "зеленая линия a(m/S)" LOCATE 7, 45: PRINT "коричневая линия Ua(В)" LOCATE 8, 45: PRINT "tvost(мс)="; tvost LOCATE 9, 45: PRINT "Id="; Id LOCATE 10, 45: PRINT "Isr="; Isr LOCATE 11, 45: PRINT "P(Вт)="; Isr * 15 LOCATE 12, 45: PRINT "цикл "; schet + 1 LOCATE 13, 45: PRINT "время цикла(мс)"; tcycle * 1000 LOCATE 14, 45: PRINT "частота(Гц)"; 1 / tcycle LET schet = schet + 1 GOTO 0 7. Результаты расчета Минимальные значения интервалов 0…t1, 0…t2,при которых обеспечивается заданное время выключения тиристоров. 0…t1=0,001 с 0…t2=0,001001 с время переходного процесса при включении схемы на частоте Ѕ от fmax Тпп= 35,4797 мс активные мощности, потребляемые от источника питания Е на частоте fmin и fmax P(f=fmax)=90,01246 P(f=fmin)=428,7574 действующие значения тока нагрузки на частоте fmin и fmax IН(f=fmax)= 8,39709 IН(f=fmin)=34,11996 На рис.5 построили графики зависимостей i(t), ua(t), v(t), x(t) при установившемся режиме и частоте f=fmax/2. На рис. 6 построили графики зависимостей i(t),uс(t) в случае короткого замыкания нагрузки (обмотки якоря). При старении конденсатора и как следствие уменьшении его емкости уменьшается время необходимое на его зарядку. Но затем вследствие малой емкости напряжение не может достичь нуля и перевалить через него. Что является причиной выхода схемы из строя Вывод Из проделанной работы следует, что объект исследования может работать на относительно узкой полосе частот определяемой временем срабатывания тиристоров. Тиристоры очень чувствительны к изменению параметров внутри схемы. При расчете подобных устройств необходимо учитывать многие факторы, в том числе механико-динамические.
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